2 3 cigarettes a day is it bad to smoke Smoking just two cigarettes a day might There is a point at

Although nicotine is crucial in increasing cardiac output, pulse rate, and blood pressure, its role in athero-thrombotic diseases is poorly understood ( 14 )

The long-term effects of nicotine can include: Reduces physical fitness, making you get out of breath easily

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doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1703712 Received 11 September 2025 Accepted 31 October 2025 Published 13 November 2025 Volume 13 - 2025 Edited by Rishabh Kumar Kumar Rana, Shaheed Nirmal Mahto Medical College and Hospital, India Reviewed by Theresa Ann Mikhailov, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States Tanya Tanu, Shaheed Nirmal Mahto Medical College and Hospital, India Updates Copyright 2025 Li and Guan